A Farewell to Arms Essay: Changing Perspective of Religion

Changing Perspective of Religion in A Farewell to Arms In Ernest Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms, the main character, Lieutenant Fredric Henry, undergoes a dramatic change in perspective over the course of the novel. It is most interesting to see how the Lieutenant's views on religion change as he becomes more involved in the war. Â   Early in the novel, we are introduced to the Abruzzi. The Abruzzi is a town in Switzerland, of which Henry's friend, the priest, is very fond. His father lives there and it is, for the priest, a place of quiet solitude, religious freedom, and respect. He longs for the day when he can go and do God's work in his hometown: "in my country, it is understood that a man may love God. It is not a dirty joke"(Hemingway 71). Â  The priest offers Henry a chance to go to the Abruzzi and rest with his father. Henry declines, and instead decides to go to a whorehouse. At their next meeting though, Henry feels remorse about this decision. "I myself felt as badly as he did and could not understand why I had not gone. It was what I had wanted to do...and I ex...

Hundreds of emails and no sleep: does this sound like a satisfying job Essay

Questions & Answers: Q 1: Do you think that only certain individuals are attracted to these types of job? or is it the characteristics of the jobs themselves that are satisfying? The jobs seem extreme in nature with exceptional long and irregular hours of more than the normal 40- hour work week, constant travels and serious lack of work-life balance. Only certain individuals would be attracted to these jobs. These individuals are willing to sacrifice family time for job sake. Looking at the extreme nature of the jobs they are far from satisfying any normal worker, even if compensation is considered, but the jobs would be satisfying to a special breed of people who find the jobs as challenging. The four individuals displayed high levels of job satisfaction, job involvement and organizational commitment that enable them to accept the hardships as a positive challenge. These individuals are positive people because negative people are usually not satisfied with their jobs, more so if the jobs are as stressfu l as mentioned in the case. These individuals also have positive core self-evaluation that contributed to their being more satisfied with their jobs even under extreme conditions. Pay was not the determinant†¦ Questions; – Do you think that only certain individuals are attracted to these types of jobs, or is it the characteristics of the jobs themselves that are satisfying when you are doing them? – What characteristics of these jobs might contribute to increased levels of job satisfaction? – how might this satisfaction relate to your job performance, behaviour, attitude, turnover of staff? – if there is a lot competition for this kind of position how might that affect an individuals behaviour, attitude and performance at work? 1.Do you think only certain individuals are attracted to these type of jobs or is it the characteristics of the job themselves that are satisfying? When we talk about an individual, or certain group of individuals, job satisfaction solely depends on their perspective. For them, job satisfaction need not be high salary, better position or other job conditions. What factors may motivate us, may not give us happiness. Personality plays a very important role in job satisfaction. People who believe in their inner self and basic competence are more satisfied than those who don’t have self core evaluation. Hence only certain individuals are attracted to these type of  jobs, and it’s not just the characteristics of the job. 2. What characteristics of these jobs might contribute to increased levels of job satisfaction? Rajesh bisht is an investment banker. The way it has been described about Mr. Rajesh here shows that he is very enthusiastic about his work, which implies that he loves what he does. Being an investment banker requires strong background in finance as it involves a lot of financial analysis of a company or an organization. The work requires him to analyze and give solutions to an organization which might be in crisis. So the entire organization is dependent on Mr. Rajesh’s analysis. This job requires more involvement and Mr. Rajesh likes his responsibility. In Ravi Goyal’s case, he heads the international marketing team of an engineering firm. Ravi Goyal is always and ever ready to work because his work involves maintaining relationships globally. CASE 2: Long hours, hundreds of emails and no sleep: does this sound like a satisfying job? Observations: Characteristics of the 4 jobs were quite similar. John Bishop: good stable job, irregular long hours (90 to 100- hour work week), no complaints, willing to take things to the extreme Irene Tse :good stable job, long hours (80 – hour work week), no complaints, willing to take things to the extreme and highly motivated Tony Kurz : good stable job, long irregular hours, constant travels, highly satisfied with job, prefers job more to personal relationships David Clark: good stable job, long irregular hours (60- hour work week), frequent travels, need to attend to many emails daily, serious lack of work-life balance, highly motivated.

Literature Review Learner Autonomy - 1503 Words

Literature Review. The focus of this literature review will be on the history of the set theme within the research project, the points that have been put across through various researchers will also be included to gain a clarity of understanding in topics related to learner autonomy and the belief’s teachers have on learner autonomy and the way in which they implement this in their classrooms. The literature review will consider the sub-headings above (I.1 – I.7). L.1- What is Learner Autonomy. As determined in I.2 there are several definitions of learner autonomy in second language learning and education. This category (L.1) will portray the different terms engaged in previous research. For example, Holec (1981, p.3) provided a definition†¦show more content†¦Therefore, if a student is learning through reactive autonomy they will learn what is necessary without being forced. This analysis of the two strands of learner autonomy has been a fresh way in which researchers have been able to define learner autonomy and this can be extremely helpful in Middle Eastern schools as this research is extremely new and cultural backgrounds which are different to the western culture (Smith,2008). Within the Middle East learner autonomy has been explored for many years as the introduction of learner autonomy needs to consider the cultural backgrounds of each student. Due to the Middle East having many expats this can be extremely difficult as Pennycook (1997, p.53) concluded that it is important for all teachers to not only look at the cultural side of learner autonomy but, also the political side to allow all students to ‘deal differently with the world and allow them to become authors of their own world’. Having a comprehension on the attributes of the understudies who are adapting independently is critical. Although, it is important for teachers to also have an understanding on how they can implement learner autonomy within the classrooms and within the Middle East this seems to be through the consideration of cultural and political views in the Middle East. L.3 – Curriculum and Classroom based approach. Per Cotterall (2000) the implantation of learnerShow MoreRelatedLearner Autonomy1084 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Learner Autonomy and How Can It Be Fostered? Dimitrios Thanasoulas The Internet TESL Journal 2. What is Autonomy? For a definition of autonomy, we might quote Holec (1981: 3, cited in Benson Voller, 1997: 1) who describes it as the ability to take charge of ones learning. On a general note, the term autonomy has come to be used in at least five ways (see Benson Voller, 1997: 2): †¢ for situations in which learners study entirely on their own; †¢ for a set of skillsRead MoreExploring the Black Box: Assessment for Learning the Development of Autonomy in Key Stage 21678 Words   |  7 PagesExploring the black box: assessment for learning and the development of autonomy in Key Stage 2 1. Introduction: poking and prying with a purpose In 1942, novelist and anthropologist Zora Neale Hurston wrote ‘Research is formalized curiosity. It is poking and prying with a purpose’ (Hurston, 2006). As a Primary teacher, I started on this poking and prying because of a concern about pupils’ apparent lack of reflective thinking. In this section, I outline how this original concern developed by increasinglyRead MoreEngaging The Adult Learner For Adult Learners1028 Words   |  5 Pages Engaging the Adult Learner Jeffery Collins COLL100 B100 Fall 14 American Military University Dr. Gibson Engaging the Adult Learner Engaging adults during the learning process is an action that encompasses the use of skills to conquer their concentration and interest. The engagement is performed to ensure the adult learners will immediately identify with the information and the objective of the teaching. Once the identification and objectivity is formed learning is able to proceed. ThereforeRead MoreHow are Literacy, Fluency and Reading Comprehension Affected by Using Oral Reading Methods in the Classroom?1404 Words   |  6 PagesLiteracy, fluency and reading comprehension all play a crucial role in determining how learners acquire skills within the classroom. This paper will review a number of scholarly literatures that give more details about fluency and reading comprehension. Over a long period of time, the ability of a learner to read educational materials fluently has been taken as the most thorough learning method through which the learner can acquire literacy. Kuhn, Schwanenflugel and Meisinger (2010) argue that readingRead MoreAssignment 1 Self Managed Learning by P1734 Words   |  7 Pagesself-directed learner, deciding what will be their own goals according with their needs. At this stage the tutor can be only partial responsible in the process of learning, showing them how important is to become a „SelfDirected Learner‟, encouraging and guiding, also stimulate the individuals to think outside the box, always to seek for evaluation on everything that they do, letting the participants dedicate their time on researches and experiments. The process helps the learners understand howRead MoreObservation of a Non-Certified Satff Member Implement a Program Designed by a Behavior Analyst1651 Words   |  7 Pagesranged from first grade and the oldest was in sixth grade. During the time of the observation two learners remained in the classroom and the observer was told that those learners spend the majority of their day in this setting. Three other learners participate in the self-contained classroom as well as an inclusive setting for parts of the day. The time spent in inclusion was not observed. One learner was working one to one with a staff member who was administering and taking date on discrete trialsRead MoreMisconceptions on Learner Autonomy: a Methodological and Conceptual Renewal4972 Words   |  20 PagesMISCONCEPTIONS ON LEARNER AUTONOMY: A METHODOLOGICAL AND CONCEPTUAL RENEWAL Asuman AÅžIK (*) Abstract Learner autonomy emerges as the result of many methodological innovations in second/foreign language teaching over the last dec1ades, especially in communicative language teaching and learner-centered approaches. As the learner has become the center of the foreign language teaching, autonomy has been attributed to the learner as one of the essential capabilities that a learner should have. Learners are theRead MoreBenefits And Retention Strategies For Students1527 Words   |  7 Pageshas also been described (Kang Im, 2013). The term presence, has been used in literature dating back to the 1960s describing the interaction nurses have with others that enhances well-being. Traditional classrooms are naturally setup to provide the benefit of presence, whereas an online learning environments are not and can be challenging for both instructor and student. Interaction is vital for the online learner, because it aids in the development and understanding of concepts and enhance s theRead MoreAction Research. Research Has Shown That Technology Can1498 Words   |  6 PagesAction Research Research has shown that technology can support and enhance language learning. Technology can have many positive effects on learning, especially language learning, by supporting learners and the learning environment. However, students still have to communicate with people. They still need to share their thoughts, feelings, and opinions with peers and educators. They need to share what they have learned with others. Technology definitely connects people and can bring them togetherRead MoreWhy It Is Important That I Understand What Independent Learning1408 Words   |  6 PagesOne of this terms is called â€Å"self-directed learning† but is more likely to use the term â€Å"self-regulated learning† instead (MEYER et al, 2008 p: 2). According to Michael Grahame Moore â€Å"Independent learning is an educational system in which the learner is autonomous and separated from his teacher by space and time† (MOORE, M. G., 1973, P: 663). Although Forster (1972) defines â€Å"Independent study is a process, and a philosophy of education in which a student acquires knowledge by his/her own efforts

Business Plan For Clean Cleaning Services - 1120 Words

MAID TO CLEAN BUSINESS PLAN Danyell Knox Policy Strategy University Of Bridgeport EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Maid to clean cleaning services is a commercial, and residential cleaning service, which plans to target the upper, and middle-class families within the state of Connecticut. Additionally, Maid To Clean Cleaning Services will also provider-cleaning services to commercial business throughout the state of Connecticut as well. We would like to service residential customers who incomes are greater than $ 100, 000 annually, these typical customers are ages 33- 65 and live in residential homes which exceeds the value of $ 250, 000, as this particular market would be more willing to pay for our â€Å"premium services’ which will be offered as an upgrade on cleaning services already purchased. Maid to clean will also offer basic cleaning services to our commercial business, and credit business owners discounts for referrals to new business owners as well. Maid To Clean will offer a high level of services, and professionalism, which is second to none in the industry. Maid to clean will also offer convenient scheduling online for our busy clientele, who may not have time to call, and book the appointment. Maid To Clean will focus on providing superior cleaning services, which will be backed by our â€Å"second hand quality check†. The second hand quality check means for every job, a team leader do once last walk around the residential area, and checkShow MoreRelatedBusiness Analysis : A Dime A Dozen Dusters1277 Words   |  6 PagesMarket analyst Business name-A Dime A Dozen Dusters Our market in size is relatively large, any Indiana state University student that is in need of a clean home is our target market. The demographics that are in our advantage are primarily young, and anyone attending Indiana State University. Our company structure is an Oligopoly structure, because we are not the only cleaning company around. The growth prospects of our business consists of getting top management personally involved in sales, beingRead MoreBusy Bee Is A Cleaning Business1219 Words   |  5 PagesBusy bee is a cleaning business, doing domestic cleaning. It has been operated for 3 years. I just bought it recently. It has kitchen, bathroom, vacuum, mob and tidy cleaning jobs. Sometimes there are some extra jobs such as shirt cleaning, and cloth iron. Currently there are 200 customers, mainly located at Hawthorn and Toorak. The area mainly lives with high and middle income customers. The business works from Monday to Saturday. Sunday is a rest day. The customers are ma inly families with childrenRead MoreCleaning Business Plan1539 Words   |  7 PagesCOFIELD’S CLEANING SERVICE SONJI MORTON COFIELD, PROPRIETOR September 30, 2011 COFIELD CLEANING SERVICE BUSINESS PLAN SUMMARY Cofield Cleaning Service is a start-up business that provides cleaning services for residential homes. Primary services include floor, window, and bathroom care. The business is seeking $5,900 for equipment, supplies, and advertising. The name and address of the business is: Cofield’s Cleaning Service 600 Hunterdale Road Franklin, VA 23851 Phone: 757-304-9401 Read MoreMean Kleen Is A Family Oriented Business Based On Core Values1582 Words   |  7 PagesMean Kleen is a family oriented business based on core values such as teamwork, motivation, leadership, and of course success! Mean Kleen will be addressing the wealthy single-income households and the wealthy two-income households. These targeted families are willing to pay for the service because of the high level of professionalism and trustworthiness that is offered. We will always work hard to achieve a large percentage of loyal, repeat customers who regularly use us, as well as beingRead MoreThe Vision, Scope, And Objective For The Recommendation Project Plan1575 Words   |  7 Pagesrecommendation project plan for the expansion of JOHN’s Laundromat in downtown Tampa to provide laundry services to a specific segment of its market demographic. The vision of the project is to create a new type of services for professional employees and business people in its area in order to boost sale revenues and increase its profit margin. Since JOHN’s Laundromat started in 2004, the company has been operating as a full- service coin operated Laundromat providing great and friendly services to customersRead MoreCleaning Company Essay877 Words   |  4 Pages   Marketing  your cleaning company Your hunger to be not only self employed, but also to be the employer of others has lead you to this. Any day now, your phone will be ringing off the hook with clients. Luckily for you, you have a hungry crew ready to get to work. The best equipment you could find is at the ready. Supplies are stacked to the ceiling. Its only a matter of time before your cleaning company becomes a house hold name in your city, state, or even nationwide. Only thing thats missingRead MoreSupply Of High Standards Of Food Safety1557 Words   |  7 Pagesproper balance to be made in the allocation of space. The economic viability of the business must be carefully calculated beforehand. Having gained planning permission for this establishment ask yourself what you wish to achieve. Firstly the operation must be profitable, to achieve this you must have the right all round equipment and staff. Secondly to stay in business you must have premises that are hygienically clean at all times, remember you are dealing with the public. To achieve this you willRead MoreWorking as a Housekeeper1355 Words   |  6 Pagesworry about is cleaning the house. Weekends are spent running errands and spending quality time with friends and family members. Therefore, many families are looking for outside assistance with housekeeping. In the past, housekeepers were thought of as the hired help and were thus treated like 18th century scullery maids. This is no longer the case. Housekeepers have reached a well-deserved level of respectability for their highly appreciated services. Starting a house cleaning business is an easyRead MoreCase Study : Kita s All At One Dry Cleaners And Laundry Services Essay1642 Words   |  7 PagesKita’s all in one dry cleaners and laundry services is a local laundry and dry cleaner company as the name suggest. Using key concepts derived from Phillip Kotler, marketing management a marketing plan was developed. The plan incorporates a careful background and situational analysis of the company which confirmed the absence of and need of a formal marketing plan. This was supported by a SWOT analysis being conducted and assessments of their market, service and sales strategy. The key objectives,Read MoreUnited States Marine Corps ( Usmc ) Base Of Military Bases Essay1505 Words   |  7 Pagesthing about cleaning the gear is that Marines are taking the flak jackets apart and drying them in a dryer. The problem with that is that the outer shell will shrink so it’s harder to get the SAPI (Small Arms Protective Inserts) plates back into them. If you wash it you have to let the outer shell air dry† (Muth, 2006). This causes an extra amount of stress while trying to transition out of the military. The gear has to be clean, undamaged and the correct generation that the service member was issued

The Mcgill Model Of Nursing - 1860 Words

This paper looks at the McGill model of nursing created by Moyra Allen with developmental assistance from her colleagues at McGill University. It focuses on maintaining health and the prevention of illness in the client, family and community. The use of this model when dealing with the current societal problem of obesity is largely effective, not solely for obesity but also the illness and disease that can occur along side it. By applying the practice based theory, and implementing health promotional practices the current obesity problem in the public can be prevented and solved. The Use of the McGill Model of Nursing to Cease the Obesity Pandemic Nurses all over the world base their practice on the various nursing theories to†¦show more content†¦Another way Allen contributed to the profession was by creating Nursing Papers, later referred to as the Canadian Journal or nursing research. Another way Allen contributed to the world of nursing was by participating as a founding member of the World Health Organization committee that developed the accreditation system for nursing schools; as well as the evaluation model for abroad institutes. In 1954, Allen began her monumental career at the McGill University’s School of Nursing. (Potter, Griffin-Perry, Stockert Hall, 2014, p.60) After the 1960s, Canada had an increased demand for nurse’s duties due to the health care reform. (Wright Gros, 2012, p. 176) Allen believed that nursing had two possible routes to adapt the profession to the changes in the health care system, the first, to expand the scope medically, or the second; the formation of a new role in n ursing that involves family health promotion. (Wright Gros, 2010, p. 176) While at the University Allen created the McGill model of Nursing and her colleagues assisted her in the development of the model. However, at first Allen called her model the â€Å"Developmental Health Model†, with the intent of separating nursing from other health care jobs, she later renaming it the McGill model. The model’s central concepts include, health, family, collaboration, and learning with great emphasis on learning. Together, nurses, clients, families, andShow MoreRelatedAn ?Analysis of? the Impact of the Mcgill Model and the Relational Nursing Model3609 Words   |  14 Pagesconstructs of the McGill model, for instance strengths. Twp survey relied on primary data from the two interview sessions with the resource family. The notes gathered during the interview sessions were content analyzed and the application of various nursing strategies investigated. Introduction The paper offers an analysis of the two interviews with the resource family. The analysis would offer a description of the motivational interview experience through the context of the McGill model of Family AssessmentRead MoreReflections Of A Nursing Student926 Words   |  4 Pages Reflections of a Nursing Student Chibuzor Eronini University of Alberta â€Æ' Reflections of a Nursing Student The interdisciplinary course is an essential pre-requisite for after degree nursing students. As a final year nursing student, I believe this course will help me to acquire the skills necessary for inter-professional practice. Furthermore, I will be able to develop competencies necessary to provide patient-centered care. For my classroom experience, my team members and I have beenRead MoreFamily Centred Care2050 Words   |  9 Pages Nursing has evolved in many ways over the years, in particular is the Florence Nightingale foundation of caring for the whole family and not just the patient. The following case study of Omid s story: The Power of Family-Centered Care highlights the positive and negative aspects of their family’s healthcare experiences , and models of family nursing and concepts of family-centred care. By comparing the theories and models to what is currently put into practice by today’s nurses and healthcareRead MoreThe Design Model Developed By Sister Callista Roy1560 Words   |  7 Pagestheir needs. Multiple conceptual models exist in order guide the evaluation process as well as to enhance the nurses’ scope of practice. The focus of this paper will be based on the Roy Adaptation Model developed by Sister Callista Roy, in which the model will be explained, analyzed and discussed through a clinical situation. Presentation of the conceptual model Sister Callista Roy established her first publication of the Roy Adaptation model in 1970 defining nursing as enhancing life processes toRead MoreCommunication Therapists And Speech Language Pathologists880 Words   |  4 Pages The interdisciplinary course is an essential pre-requisite for after degree nursing students as it allows individuals to acquire the skills necessary for inter-professional practice, as well as developing competencies necessary for patient-centered care. For my classroom experience, my team members and I have been studying the Mabel video series and reflecting on various aspects care on a multidisciplinary team, Mabel is a patient who suffered a stroke and has multiple interactions with the healthRead MoreThe Design Model Developed By Sister Callista Roy1563 Words   |  7 Pagestheir needs. Multiple conceptual models exist in order to guide the evaluation process as well as to enhance the nurses’ scope of practice. The focus of this paper will be based on the Roy Adaptation Model developed by Sister Callista Roy, in which the model will be explained, analyzed and discussed through a clinical situation. Presentation of the conceptual model Sister Callista Roy established her first publication of the Roy Adaptation model in 1970 defining nursing as enhancing life processesRead MoreDorothy Orem1533 Words   |  7 PagesPhoenix NUR 403 Theories and Models of Nursing Practice January 8, 2012 Mary McGill, RN, MSN DOROTHEA OREM Nursing Theorist Grid Theorist Selected: Dorothea Orem Description of Theory: â€Å" The central philosophy of the self-care deficit Nursing theory is that all patients want to care for themselves, and they are able to recover more quickly and holistically by performing their own self-care as much as they are able. â€Å" ( Nursing-theory.org, 2011) ThereRead MoreThe Delivery Of Healthcare Is The Proper Management Of Patient Pain1912 Words   |  8 Pages(an opioid) during the perioperative phase compared to patients who receive an alternate pain medication in the perioperative phase?† This PICOT drives a more practical question in the deployment phase of a related change in practice, how can the nursing staff ensure the proper measurement of pain so that optimal pain management can occur? Literature Review The review of existing literature as it relates to the implementation of evidence-based practice change for a pain management program involvesRead MoreConcept Analysis : Pain Management3568 Words   |  15 Pagesexamine the concept of pain management within the context of nursing, sociology and psychology. The overall goal of this concept analysis, is to gain a deeper understanding of pain itself, and to recognize appropriate pain management especially within the non-verbal patient. Concept Analysis/Essential/Critical Attributes Introduction Pain management is a concept associated with several different disciplines to include nursing, psychology, and sociology. The reason this topic was selectedRead MoreCommunity Health Nursing : A Continuum Of Care From Health Promotion And Prevention2342 Words   |  10 Pagesis to discuss community health nursing, and how it fosters nursing practice through the experience gained from analyzing two scenarios from the Aberhart Center Tuberculosis Clinic. The CARNA competencies will be applied to the experiences. Community Health Nursing Community health nursing is a continuum of care from health promotion and prevention to treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care (Canadian Nurses Association [CNA], 2010). Community health nursing is comprised of community health

Sir Gawain Chivalry Essay Example For Students

Sir Gawain Chivalry Essay Chivalry is usually known as a moral system or an honor code. It originated inthe 12th century when kings ruled the country, as a code to make peace. Nowthere is no king or queen monarchy, now theres that wonderful thing that wecall the Government. If you were to ask me if chivalry existed today Id haveto say that there are some examples, but there sure arent as many as thereused to be. Back in the time when King Arthur ruled a lot of the people wereloyal to their king and their country. Now our wonderful crime, racism, and hateconquer all systems. Some ways that you might be able to say that chivalry stillis around is perhaps clubs, such as, basketball teams or baseball teams. Theteams as well as the fans have great loyalty to their team. The fans will waitoutside for days to get tickets for the big game. People pay to see fights onPay-Per-View. And if you ever go to a Hawks game Ill guarantee you that theirfans will tell off anyone that is saying anything bad about their belovedtea m! Another way that you could find chivalry today would be all the Unions. Chicago Unions have plenty of hard working men and women in all sorts of trades. They are very loyal and proud (most of them!) of their work that they have done. Then you get the people that just want their paycheck. Those are the types thatreally dont show much loyalty or contribute much to their job. Some ways thatyou could say that there is not really chivalry in todays society is theslowly disintegrating church. Not nearly as many people are becoming involved inthe church now as in earlier centuries. If you look at the data there is a bigdecrease in Ministers, Priests, Nuns, and Deacons. I know this because my Dad isbecoming ordained to be a Deacon in about a year. After he is done doing all ofthe steps, he will become a deacon in the Catholic Church. I think that somepeople dont care, but also I think that they just have too many things to do,and are too busy for the church. In my overall view of chivalry I would say thatit depends how you define chivalry to say if it exists anymore. There are a lotof pros and a lot of cons, but it all depends on the persons beliefs. I thinkthat chivalry exists today, but its mostly up to the reader to d efine it asright or wrong. There is no right or wrong answer, its your opinion. European History

Japanese Colonialism In Korea Essays (725 words) -

Japanese Colonialism in Korea North and South Korea are nations that while filled with contempt for Japan have used the foundations that Japan laid during the colonial period to further industrialization. Japan's colonization of Korea is critical in understanding what enabled Korea to industrialize in the period since 1961. Japan's program of colonial industrialization is unique in the world. Japan was the only colonizer to locate various heavy industry is in its colonies. By 1945 the industrial plants in Korea accounted for about a quarter of Japan's industrial base. Japan's colonization of Korea was therefore much more comparable to the relationship between England and Ireland then that of European colonization of Asia or Africa. Japan's push to create colonial industry lead Japan to build a vast network of railroads, ports, and a system of hydro-electric dams and heavy industrial plants around the Yalu River in what is now North Korea. The Japanese to facilitate and manage the industrialization of a colony also put in place a strong central government. Although Japan's colonial industrialism in Korea was aimed at advancing Japanese policies and goals and not those of the Korean populace; colonization left Korea with distinct advantages over other developing countries at the end of World War Two. Korea was left with a base for industrializing, a high level of literacy, experience with modern commerce, and close ties to Japan. Japan's colonial heavy industrial plants were located primarily around the Yalu River in North Korea. Because of this the North had an edge in industrialization. For many years the North had the fastest growth rates of the communist countries, and its cities were on par with those of Eastern Europe. It was not until the early 1970's that the South surpassed the North in levels of industrialization. Because most of the heavy industrial plants were either located in North Korea or destroyed by the Korean War the groundwork for industrialization that South Korea received from Japanese colonialism consisted mostly of social changes. During colonialism Korea's populace in increasing numbers moved to cities and became urbanized these new urbanites worked in factories and were used to the organization of modern commerce. The Japanese also let a small number of Koreans develop into a semi-elite. Although this group never held powerful positions many of them were educated in Japanese schools, and became either involved in the military or worked as businessmen, bureaucrats, lawyers, and doctors. This elite provided much of the leadership and framework for post World War Two Korean Government in Korea. They had an intimate knowledge of Japanese companies, language, organizational structure, and government. The Korean elites that emerged after the liberation of 1945 and helped steer Korea's economic policies under Park Chung Hee had an intimate knowledge of Japan. Some of them like Park had been educated in Japanese schools, some had worked for the Japanese, and nearly all of them spoke fluent Japanese. It was this closeness to Japan both geographically and culturally that made it natural for the Koreans to use the Japanese model of industrialization when Japan's economy boomed in the 1960's and 1970's. The leaders of Korea were ambivalent about relying on Japan, on one hand they felt a profound respect for Japan and its successes and on the other a deep hatred for what Japan had done to Korea in the past. But Japan still served as a model for Park Chung Hee who normalized relations with Japan in 1965 and turned to Japan for technology, equipment, and a model for development. Some nationalistic Korean scholars say that Japan's colonialism slowed Korea's growth by exploiting Korea and disturbing its economy. But these views of Korea ignore the fundamental role that Japan's policies of industrial colonialism played in allowing Korea to Industrialize during the 1960's. Japan's colonialism improved infrastructure, urbanized the nation, educated much of the populace, gave the pubic experience with modern commerce, and indoctrinated Korean elites in the Japanese language and culture. It was Korean elites history and close ties with Japan that made them turn naturally to Japan to provide a development model. Japan's legacy of colonialism in Korea is felt not only in the many graves and monuments that attest to Japanese brutality but also